Controlled-environment agriculture is one industry with three different operating models, depending on where you look. A Dutch greenhouse-technology supplier, a UAE state-linked agri-investor, and a Californian robotics-backed grower are all nominally in the same sector — but they're raising money differently, partnering differently, and building differently.

This edition pulls apart three years of greenhouse-specific activity from the iGrow Intelligence database — funding, partnerships, product launches, and facility construction, with vertical farming set aside so the comparison stays on greenhouses and the technology providers that serve them — to see what's actually different about how the Middle East, Europe, and North America approach greenhouse investment, and where each region's strategy has shifted over the past two years. We also draw on iGrow Intelligence's 2025 Indoor Farming Report – Middle East and pull in reporting from S&P Global, AGBI, and regional trade press to fill in context our own database doesn't fully capture, particularly around the Gulf.